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1. #HOW TO MAKE A FOOTNOTE IN CHICAGO STYLE HOW TO#
2. #HOW TO MAKE A FOOTNOTE IN CHICAGO STYLE MANUAL#
3. #HOW TO MAKE A FOOTNOTE IN CHICAGO STYLE FULL#

You may use “n.p.” to indicate no publisher, no place of publication, or no page.No date of publication: “n.d.” (no date) can be used as a placeholder.No author: Use the title in the author’s position.If this happens, just use the information you have to form the citation. This is common for online material and older sources. Sometimes you may not be able to find all of the information generally included in a citation. Do not start the order over on each page. Begin with 1 and continue numerically throughout the paper.Match with a superscript number (example: 1) at the end of the sentence referencing the source.Include the pages on which the cited information is found so that readers easily find the source.The next time you use the same work, you can just use the shortened citation form.

#HOW TO MAKE A FOOTNOTE IN CHICAGO STYLE FULL#

You should begin with 1 and continue numerically throughout the paper. For any additional usage, simply use the author’s last name, publication title, and date of publication.įootnotes should match with a superscript number at the end of the sentence referencing the source. The footnote usually includes the author’s name, publication title, publication information, date of publication, and page number(s) if it is the first time the source is being used. Here’s a quick overview of the two note styles:Ĭhicago footnotes provide a note each time a source is referenced and are often combined with a bibliography at the end.

For example, in a text that has a significant number of notes, it may be better to format them as endnotes since the footnotes would take up a lot of room at the bottom of each page, making the text harder to read. Whether to use footnotes or endnotes depends on personal preference as well as the number of footnotes/endnotes needed. The main difference between footnotes and endnotes is that footnotes are included at the bottom of each page, whereas endnotes are included at the end of a chapter, article, or book. People working in the humanities-literature, history, and the arts-are the primary users of the Chicago footnotes and bibliography system. However, footnotes can also be used to provide an additional explanation that would be difficult or distracting to include in the body of the text, to point the reader to additional reading or background information, to clarify a term or editorial decision, or to provide any other information that cannot be included within the text itself. In Chicago style (notes-bibliography style), footnotes are used instead of in-text citations to cite sources and to reduce interruption to the flow of the writing. The footnote should be included directly following the text it pertains to, usually after any punctuation.

Here’s a run-through of everything this page includes:Ī footnote is a note that provides additional information or references for the reader.Ī footnote is indicated with a superscript numeral (like this 1) within the text that corresponds to the same numeral at the bottom of the page, which is followed by the reference or additional information.

#HOW TO MAKE A FOOTNOTE IN CHICAGO STYLE HOW TO#

It will help you understand footnotes vs endnotes, teach you how to create them, and show real examples you can learn from.

#HOW TO MAKE A FOOTNOTE IN CHICAGO STYLE MANUAL#

This is your how-to guide for footnotes following the Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition.